{"id":1894,"date":"2020-05-06T18:48:32","date_gmt":"2020-05-06T16:48:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.eurominority.eu\/?page_id=1894"},"modified":"2020-05-06T19:13:48","modified_gmt":"2020-05-06T17:13:48","slug":"minority-peoples-in-the-world","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.eurominority.eu\/index.php\/en\/minority-peoples-in-the-world\/","title":{"rendered":"Minority peoples in the world"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>

A number of people live in minority\nsituations around the world, notably in Europe. But perhaps the most emblematic\ncases are certainly those of Tibet, Kurdistan and Chechnya, which demonstrate\nthe diversity of the minority phenomenon on our planet. Actually, even if it is\neasy to draw a parallel between these three territories a priori, their\nhistory, their position with regards to the central state and their means for\nrecognition are very different in all aspects.<\/p>

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>

Tibet <\/h2>
\"\"<\/figure>

For a start, according to the\nTibetans, Tibet is made up of a homogenous linguistic territory, which the\ngovernment call \u201cgreat historic Tibet\u201d. Indeed, even if Tibetans have their own\nterritory within the Republic of China, it is divided. Two other regions\n(Qinghai and part of Xixhuan) make up part of historic Tibet, where a little\nmore than 6 million inhabitants live. More than 150,000 Tibetans currently live\nin exile, mainly in India, in the same manner as the Dalai Lama, the spiritual\nleader, who fled in 1959 at the time of the revolts, which claimed many tens of\nthousands of victims. Before the invasion of the country at this time by China,\nTibet alternated between many regimes classified as feudal by the opposition.\nCurrently, the slightest opposition to the Chinese regime or autonomist or\nseparatist demonstrations are repressed, often violently.<\/p>

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>

Kurdistan <\/h2>
\"\"<\/figure>

Since the Middle Ages Kursdistan (Kurdewar\u00ee) is a\nvast divided territory between which Turkey, Iran, Iraq and Syria presently\nlie. The Kurds are arranged in these different countries according to totally\ndifferent statuses. In Iraq in 1987, the Kurds obtained considerable autonomy\nwhich allowed them to express their culture, their language and to benefit from\nthe natural resources of their territory. This status was obtained following\nconsiderable repression by the Baathist regime of Saddam Hussein, which was\nhidden from the outside world under the guise of granting rights to the Kurds.\nThis repression resulted in the death of more than 200,000 people. After\nthe First World War and the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire, the creation of\na Kurdish state was forecast, a project that was quickly aborted. The Western\nstates, dominating the region at the time, crushed every revolt. In Turkey, the\nsituation has not been much better. Indeed, since the 1920s it led a policy of\nrepression while carrying out massive deportation and the \u201cTurkishisation\u201d of\nthe region. Opposition political movements were formed, notably the creation of\nthe PPK (The Kurdistan Workers\u2019 Party) in 1978, which leads guerilla warfare\noperations. This situation rouses anti-Kurd sentiment on the Turkish side,\nleading the government to arrest and abuse representatives (deputies, mayors of\nbig towns) for simply having used the Kurdish language in public. These\ndealings tarnish the image of Turkey and have been denounced many times by international\norganisations including the European Union. Indeed, by overwhelming the Kurdish\npeople, aggressively assimilating them and giving them no place in public\ndebate, Turkey does not grow in stature by such practices. Unfortunately, the\nKurds are the main victims.<\/p>

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>

Chechnya <\/h2>
\"\"<\/figure>

Of the three examples of minority\npeoples in the world, much has been written about Chechnya. Equally, many lives\nhave been lost. The Chechen Republic, named Ichkeria by the independents, is a\nterritory under Russian administration in the Caucasus. This part of the world\ngathers a great number of people of very diverse origin (Caucasians,\nIndo-Europeans, Turks and Mongols). This mosaic places a number of conflicts in\nthe glare of the world\u2019s media: Abkhazia and Southern Ossetia formally under\nGeorgian rule, Nagorno-Karabakh in Azerbaijan and Chechnya in Russia. Although\nthe region was only independent for a short time in 1995, the Chechens have\nbeen fighting against Russian rule since the 18th century. The autonomous\nregion was founded in 1922, changing status over the course of decades of\npolitical upheaval in Russia and the USSR. Culturally and linguistically\nChechnya is very close to neighbouring Ingushetia, a region with which its fate\nhas often been linked. Its Muslim culture and clans are the basis of society.\nIndeed, clan alliances (Tieps<\/em>) punctuate political and social life. The\ntwo conflicts that marked the end of the 1990s commenced with the unilateral\ndeclaration of independence by Chechen authorities setting up a sharia regime\n(Islamic law) and an alliance with the Taliban power in Afghanistan. There were\nmany tens of thousands of deaths and 350,000 people were displaced. The\nautonomy of Chechnya was not called into question after the conflict and the\nability of the local authorities is very strong despite the vassalage with\nregards to the regime in Moscow. Chechen fighters continue to fight against\nRussia and also against the Chechen authorities currently in place, i.e. the\nKadyrov clan.<\/p>

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A number of people live in minority situations around the world, notably in Europe. But perhaps the most emblematic cases are certainly those of Tibet, Kurdistan and Chechnya, which demonstrate the diversity of the minority phenomenon on our planet. Actually, even if it is easy to draw a parallel between these three territories a priori, their history, their position with regards to the central state and their means for recognition are very different in all aspects. Tibet For a start, according to the Tibetans, Tibet is made up of a homogenous linguistic territory, which the government call \u201cgreat historic Tibet\u201d. Indeed, even if Tibetans have their own territory within the Republic of China, it is divided. Two other regions (Qinghai and part of Xixhuan) make up part of historic Tibet, where a little more than 6 million inhabitants live. More than 150,000 Tibetans currently live in exile, mainly in India, in the same manner as the Dalai Lama, the spiritual leader, who fled in 1959 at the time of the revolts, which claimed many tens of thousands of victims. Before the invasion of the country at this time by China, Tibet alternated between many regimes classified as feudal by the … <\/p>\n

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