{"id":517,"date":"2020-05-02T00:15:12","date_gmt":"2020-05-01T22:15:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.eurominority.eu\/?page_id=517"},"modified":"2020-05-05T15:20:06","modified_gmt":"2020-05-05T13:20:06","slug":"samiland","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.eurominority.eu\/index.php\/en\/samiland\/","title":{"rendered":"Samiland"},"content":{"rendered":"

S\u00e1pmi, shepherds of the Boreal Lands<\/h2>
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The S\u00e1mi have one of the most extensive territories in Europe. This land, called \u201cS\u00e1pmi\u201d, stretches from the north of Sweden, Norway, Finland and on the Kola peninsula in Russia. Their language, Sami, is spoken in many groups. <\/p>

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The S\u00e1mi flag is red, blue, green and yellow. It builds on the drum of the shaman and the poem \u201cPaiven parneh\u201d (Son of Sun, surname that the writer Anders Fjellner (1795\u20131876) gives to the S\u00e1mi). The circle represents the sun (red) and the moon (blue). <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>

For thousands of years, the S\u00e1mi lived on hunting and\nfishing to the north of the European continent. It wasn\u2019t until around the year\n900 AD that they began to herd tamed reindeer, henceforth considered their\ntraditional way of life. They maintain a special relationship with nature,\nliving in harmony with it. Thus, the S\u00e1mi community was traditionally based on\nthe siida<\/em>, i.e. the units and collectivities of common law (not\nnecessarily familial), which use their own council and administration,\nallocating hunting grounds and fishing.<\/p>

The\ncolonisation of S\u00e1pmi (Lapland) and the exploitation of resources were\nconsiderably increased over the course of the 13th and 14th centuries, causing\nmany states to claim their sovereignty over this region. The first stage of\nthis division split the territory the length of the mountain ridges from the\nregion of J\u00e4mtland to Finnmark The border between Sweden and Finland was\nestablished in 1809 and that between Norway and Russia in 1826.<\/p>

Over the\ncourse of the past two centuries, the S\u00e1mi have been the victims of repression\nand negligence of the people who ruled them, who considered them to be\ninferior. For example, the well-known term \u201cLapon\u201d is used in a derogatory\nmanner by the population (\u201clapp\u201d being an old Scandinavian term used to\ndescribe a worn piece of clothing or \u201clape\u201d in vernacular Finnish). The banning\nof cultural expression and the speaking of the Sami language intensified in the\n19th century. It is only since the 1980s that the S\u00e1mi have made a remarkable\nreturn to the public scene, allowing them to develop their autonomy peacefully\nand to enforce their identity.<\/p>

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Identity card<\/h3>
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Name <\/em> <\/td>S\u00e1pmi\/S\u00e1meedna<\/strong> | Sami\/Lapon<\/em>
Sameland\/Lappland<\/em><\/strong> | Swedish, Norwegian<\/em>
Lappi <\/em><\/strong>| Finnish<\/em>
\u041b\u0430\u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0438\u044f\/Laplandiya<\/em><\/strong> | Russian<\/em>
(S\u00e1pmi \/ \u201cLaponia\u201d)<\/td><\/tr>
Population <\/em><\/td>2,979,938<\/strong> inhab. <\/strong>(of which 100,000 S\u00e1mis) <\/td><\/tr>
Area<\/em> <\/td>669,646 km\u00b2<\/strong> <\/td><\/tr>
Languages<\/em> <\/td>S\u00e1megielat <\/strong>| Sami\/Lapon <\/em>
Svenska <\/em><\/strong>| Swedish<\/em>
Norsk <\/em><\/strong>| Norwegian<\/em>
Suomi <\/em><\/strong>| Finnish<\/em>
\u0420\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439\/Russkiy<\/em><\/strong> | Russian <\/em>(offical)<\/td><\/tr>
Number of native speakers<\/em> <\/td> 25,000<\/strong> | Sami\/Lapon<\/em> <\/td><\/tr>
State of guardianship<\/em> <\/td> <\/strong> Sweden, Norway, Finland, Russia<\/strong> <\/td><\/tr>
Official status<\/em> <\/td> Represented by a parliament in Sweden, Norway and Finland, no particular status in Russia<\/strong> <\/td><\/tr>
Capital<\/em><\/td>Giro <\/strong>| Sami\/Lapon<\/em>
Kiruna <\/em><\/strong>| Swedish <\/em>(Su\u00e8de)
&
K\u00e1r\u00e1\u0161johka <\/strong>| Sami\/Lapon<\/em>
Karasjok <\/em><\/strong>| Norwegian <\/em>(Norway)
&
\u00c1anaar <\/strong>| Sami\/Lapon<\/em>
Inari <\/em><\/strong>| Finnish <\/em>(Finland)<\/td><\/tr>
Historic religion<\/em> <\/td> <\/strong> Christian and Animist<\/strong> <\/td><\/tr>
Flag<\/em> <\/td>S\u00e1mi leavg<\/strong> | Sami\/Lapon<\/em>
(S\u00e1mi Flag) <\/td><\/tr>
Anthem<\/em> <\/td>S\u00e1mi soga l\u00e1vll <\/strong> | Sami\/Lapon<\/em>
(Song of the S\u00e1mi People) <\/td><\/tr>
Motto<\/em> <\/td>S\u00e1mieatnan s\u00e1miide<\/strong> | <\/em> Sami\/Lapon<\/em>
(A S\u00e1mi Land for the S\u00e1mi People) <\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
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Timeline <\/h3>
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